Hammer toe is a deformity that affects the second, third, or fourth toe, causing it to bend abnormally at the middle joint. This condition can be painful and make it difficult to wear shoes or walk.
Definition
Hammer toe is a foot condition where one or more toes bend abnormally at the middle joint, giving the toe a hammer-like appearance. The affected toes may also curl under or over, causing additional discomfort and pain.
Causes
Hammer toe can be caused by several factors, including:
- Poorly fitting shoes: Tight or narrow shoes can force the toes into an unnatural position, leading to hammer toe.
- Genetics: Some people may be born with an inherited tendency to develop hammer toe.
- Trauma: An injury to the toe or foot can cause hammer toe.
- Arthritis: This condition can cause joint inflammation and pain, leading to hammer toe.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hammer toe include:
- A toe that is bent at the middle joint and appears hammer-like.
- Pain or discomfort in the affected toe, especially when wearing shoes or walking.
- Corns or calluses on the toe due to friction or pressure from shoes.
- Difficulty moving the affected toe.
Treatment
Treatment options for hammer toe include:
- Changing shoes: Wearing shoes that fit properly and have a wide toe box can alleviate pressure on the toes.
- Orthotics: Specialized shoe inserts or foot pads can help distribute pressure evenly and reduce pain.
- Toe exercises: Stretching and strengthening exercises can help improve flexibility and reduce the severity of hammer toe.
- Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers or corticosteroid injections may be recommended to alleviate pain and inflammation.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to straighten the affected toe.
If you are experiencing symptoms of hammer toe, consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best treatment plan for your specific needs.